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Baroness Hélène van Zuylen van Nijevelt van de Haar or Hélène de Zuylen de Nyevelt de Haar, née de Rothschild (21 August 1863 – 17 October 1947), was a French socialite, author, a sporting figure in Parisian life and a member of the prominent Rothschild banking family of France.〔(Université Paris X Nanterre, LES FEMMES ET L’AUTOMOBILE A LA BELLE EPOQUE 1898–1922) – A partir de l’hebdomadaire La Vie au Grand Air. Présenté par Céline CAUVIN Sous la direction de Mr Jean-Pierre BLAY. Pages 47–50 )〕〔 Her main creative writing period was from 1902 through 1907 when she collaborated on stories and poems with her lesbian partner Renée Vivien.〔 Together with Camille du Gast and Duchesse d'Uzès ,〔Duchesse d'Uzès Anne de Rochechouart de Mortemart The first woman, along with Camille du Gast, to hold a driving license in 1897, the first woman to be ticketed for speeding in 1898 (15 km/h instead of 12 km/h), and the first woman 'lieutenant de louveterie' (Wolfcatcher Royal) in 1923.〕 Baroness Hélène van Zuylen was one of a trio of French female motoring pioneers of the ''Belle Epoque''. She entered the 1898 Paris–Amsterdam–Paris Trail using the pseudonym ''Snail'', thus becoming the first woman to compete in an international motor race.〔( Université Paris X Nanterre, LES FEMMES ET L’AUTOMOBILE A LA BELLE EPOQUE 1898–1922) – A partir de l’hebdomadaire ''La Vie au Grand Air''. Présenté par Céline CAUVIN Sous la direction de Mr Jean-Pierre Blay. PDF in French Page 48. ) (Chauffeuse émérite, ... Sous le pseudonyme de SNAIL qu'elle a conservé, elle prit part, il y a trois ans et avec succès, à la course Paris-Amsterdam. (Magazine ''La Vie Au Grand Air'' 30 June 1901 p.367)〕 An only child, the daughter of Salomon James de Rothschild, she was disinherited for marrying a Catholic, Baron Etienne van Zuylen of the old Dutch noble family Van Zuylen van Nievelt. Thus, her childhood home, the Hôtel Salomon de Rothschild, was bequeathed to the French government by her mother. Her extensive refurbishments to the van Zuylen ancestral home Kasteel de Haar near Utrecht turned it into one of the foremost Gothic Revival castles in the Netherlands.〔〔 She was nicknamed ''La Brioche'', and used the pseudonym ''Snail'' for motor racing whilst her husband, Baron Etienne van Zuylen, competed as ''Escargot'' (French for snail).〔(Google Books – Mercedes And Auto Racing In The Belle Epoque, 1895–1915 By Robert Dick. Page 34. )〕 In collaborations with Renée Vivien she used the ''nom de plume'' ''Paule Riversdale''. ==Personal life== Hélène Betty Louise Caroline de Rothschild was the daughter of Baron Salomon James de Rothschild and (the daughter of Salomon's German cousin Mayer Carl von Rothschild).〔 She was raised at the Hôtel Salomon de Rothschild at 11. rue Berryer in the 8th arrondissement in the heart of Paris, near the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré. Her mother bequeathed the property to the French government fine arts administration rather than to her only child, because Hélène was disinherited for marrying a Roman Catholic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hélène van Zuylen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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